msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: GIMP-Help 2.99.0\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2023-03-11 12:35-0500\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2023-03-11 12:35-0500\n"
"Last-Translator: Automatically generated\n"
"Language-Team: none\n"
"Language: pl\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 "
"|| n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:88(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/glossary/alias.png'; md5=fd1573da4400e93a34b6afa1a0444587"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:93(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/glossary/antialias.png'; "
"md5=9fd24e3f5be6ee0a73b530fec9fcb107"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:135(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/glossary/bezier-curve.png'; "
"md5=3ea3ced43dcef398114c493a037aae6b"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:277(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/glossary/companding-curves-compared.png'; "
"md5=7fad396012927c666acccf4a5b79bde1"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:460(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/glossary/color-model-subtractive.png'; "
"md5=b28a8bfbda939acb39b82883b8be422b"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:750(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/glossary/feather.png'; md5=5d5183c1292e6e5f69308c85df8e062d"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1310(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/glossary/tool-opt-increment.png'; "
"md5=4c547067fff4381c7235bb57d01052fe"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1316(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/glossary/tool-opt-nonincrement.png'; "
"md5=3c9e1fc6a3ebe89e93d52a083dc133ed"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1510(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/dialogs/layers_overview.png'; "
"md5=cefd0cd52b7eadcc36aeabc98d5710b8"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1519(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/dialogs/layers_example.png'; "
"md5=854b75800e7991d8d68cda14e25d02a4"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1682(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/dialogs/examples/layer-groups-pass-through-ex1.png'; "
"md5=512fd99290e1143138d71d9c3d4bfdd0"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1702(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/dialogs/examples/layer-groups-pass-through-ex2.png'; "
"md5=64213693bfa1079817f92865089a5ebb"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1721(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/dialogs/examples/layer-groups-pass-through-ex3.png'; "
"md5=96050bf6c8b0c763f0c23995689356d8"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1748(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/dialogs/examples/layer-groups-pass-through-ex4.png'; "
"md5=bab6726b16d73ff8dc29eea063f635c5"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1754(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/dialogs/examples/layer-groups-pass-through-ex5.png'; "
"md5=d10a0f9b670b5545f89b3751fd01af9c"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1760(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/dialogs/examples/layer-groups-pass-through-ex6.png'; "
"md5=4d05a3e14c2de523ea37b6511858998f"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2070(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/glossary/color-model-additive.png'; "
"md5=768bb4d50d1b49aaf5ec7ce7af7ac693"
msgstr ""

#. When image changes, this message will be marked fuzzy or untranslated for you.
#. It doesn't matter what you translate it to: it's not used at all.
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2120(None)
msgid ""
"@@image: 'images/glossary/colorcircle.png'; "
"md5=ba1114612c901d79309ddb908c5640d0"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:5(title) src/glossary/glossary.xml:8(primary)
msgid "Glossary"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:13(phrase) src/glossary/glossary.xml:16(primary)
msgid "Alpha"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:19(para)
msgid ""
"An Alpha value indicates the transparency of a pixel. Besides its Red, Green "
"and Blue values, a pixel has an alpha value. The smaller the alpha value of "
"a pixel, the more visible the colors below it. A pixel with an alpha value "
"of 0 is completely transparent. A pixel with an alpha value of 255 is fully "
"opaque."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:26(para)
msgid ""
"With some image <link linkend=\"glossary-fileformat\">file formats</link>, "
"you can only specify that a pixel is completely transparent or completely "
"opaque. Other file formats allow a variable level of transparency."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:37(phrase)
msgid "Alpha Channel"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:41(primary)
msgid "Transparency"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:42(secondary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:45(primary)
msgid "Alpha channel"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:47(para)
msgid ""
"An alpha <link linkend=\"glossary-channels\">channel</link> of a layer is a "
"grayscale image of the same size as the layer representing its transparency. "
"For each pixel the gray level (a value between 0 and 255) represents the "
"pixels's <link linkend=\"glossary-alpha\">Alpha</link> value. An alpha "
"channel can make areas of the layer to appear partially transparent. That's "
"why the background layer has no alpha channel by default."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:56(para)
msgid ""
"The image alpha channel, which is displayed in the channels dialog, can be "
"considered as the alpha channel of the final layer when all layers have been "
"merged."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:61(para)
msgid "See also <xref linkend=\"alpha-channel-example\"/>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:69(phrase) src/glossary/glossary.xml:72(primary)
msgid "Antialiasing"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:73(secondary)
msgid "Explanation"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:76(para)
msgid ""
"Antialiasing is the process of reversing an alias, that is, reducing the "
"<quote>jaggies</quote>. Antialiasing produces smoother curves by adjusting "
"the boundary between the background and the pixel region that is being "
"antialiased. Generally, pixel intensities or opacities are changed so that a "
"smoother transition to the background is achieved. With selections, the "
"opacity of the edge of the selection is appropriately reduced."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:102(phrase)
msgid "B&eacute;zier curve"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:105(para)
msgid ""
"A spline is a curve which is defined mathematically and has a set of control "
"points. A B&eacute;zier spline is a cubic spline which has four control "
"points, where the first and last control points (knots or anchors) are the "
"endpoints of the curve and the inner two control points (handles) determine "
"the direction of the curve at the endpoints."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:113(para)
msgid ""
"In the non-mathematical sense, a spline is a flexible strip of wood or metal "
"used for drawing curves. Using this type of spline for drawing curves dates "
"back to shipbuilding, where weights were hung on splines to bend them. The "
"outer control points of a B&eacute;zier spline are similar to the places "
"where the splines are fastened down and the inner control points are where "
"weights are attached to modify the curve."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:122(para)
msgid ""
"B&eacute;zier splines are only one way of mathematically representing "
"curves. They were developed in the 1960s by Pierre B&eacute;zier, who worked "
"for Renault."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:127(para)
msgid ""
"B&eacute;zier curves are used in <acronym>GIMP</acronym> as component parts "
"of <link linkend=\"glossary-path\">Paths</link>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:139(para)
msgid ""
"The image above shows a B&eacute;zier curve. Points P0 and P3 are points on "
"the Path, which are created by clicking with the mouse. Points P1 and P2 are "
"handles, which are automatically created by <acronym>GIMP</acronym> when you "
"stretch the line."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:150(phrase)
msgid "Bitmap"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:158(para)
msgid ""
"bitmap &mdash; A data file or structure which corresponds bit for bit with "
"an image displayed on a screen, probably in the same format as it would be "
"stored in the display's video memory or maybe as a device independent "
"bitmap. A bitmap is characterized by the width and height of the image in "
"pixels and the number of bits per pixel which determines the number of "
"shades of gray or colors it can represent. A bitmap representing a colored "
"image (a <quote>pixmap</quote>) will usually have pixels with between one "
"and eight bits for each of the red, green, and blue components, though other "
"color encodings are also used. The green component sometimes has more bits "
"than the other two to cater for the human eye's greater discrimination in "
"this component."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:153(para)
msgid ""
"From <emphasis> The Free Online Dictionary of Computing (13 Mar 01) </"
"emphasis>: <placeholder-1/>"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:178(anchor:xreflabel)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:179(anchor:xreflabel)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:180(phrase) src/glossary/glossary.xml:183(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:187(secondary)
msgid "BMP"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:186(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1824(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1906(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1939(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2286(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2310(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2454(primary)
msgid "Formats"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:190(para)
msgid ""
"BMP is an uncompressed image <link linkend=\"glossary-fileformat\">file "
"format</link> designed by Microsoft and mainly used in Windows. Colors are "
"typically represented in 1, 4 or 8 bits, although the format also supports "
"more. Because it is not compressed and the files are large, it is not very "
"well suited for use in the internet."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:203(phrase)
msgid "Bump mapping"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:206(para)
msgid ""
"Bump mapping is a technique for displaying extremely detailed objects "
"without increasing the geometrical complexity of the objects. It is "
"especially used in 3-dimensional visualization programs. The trick is to put "
"all the necessary information into a texture, with which shadowing is shown "
"on the surface of the object."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:213(para)
msgid ""
"Bump mapping is only one (very effective) way of simulating surface "
"irregularities which are not actually contained in the geometry of the model."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:223(phrase)
msgid "Channel Mask"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:226(para)
msgid ""
"A channel masks is a special type of mask which determines the transparency "
"of a selection. See <xref linkend=\"glossary-masks\"/> for a detailed "
"description."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:236(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:239(primary)
msgid "Channel encoding"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:242(para)
msgid ""
"Channel encoding refers to how fast the intensity (more technically correct "
"for grayscale and RGB images, the <ulink url=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
"Relative_luminance\">relative Luminance</ulink>) of a channel in a digital "
"image progresses from dark to light as the channel values progress from 0.0 "
"to 1.0 floating point (0 to 255 for 8-bit integer, 0 to 65535 for 16-bit "
"integer)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:248(para)
msgid ""
"Other ways of referring to \"channel encoding\" include \"companding curve"
"\", \"gamma\" (which is technically not correct unless the channel encoding "
"is an actual gamma curve), \"tone reproduction curve\" (\"TRC\" for short), "
"and \"tone response curve\" (also \"TRC\" for short)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:253(para)
msgid ""
"The linear light channel encoding reflects the way lightwaves combine there "
"in the real world. The linear light channel encoding is also referred to as "
"\"gamma=1.0\", \"linear gamma\" or simply \"linear\"."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:256(para)
msgid ""
"Perceptually uniform channel encodings reflects the way our eyes respond to "
"changes in luminance."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:258(para)
msgid ""
"In ICC profile color managed workflows, the following channel encodings are "
"commonly used:"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:261(para)
msgid "The LAB companding curve, which is exactly perceptually uniform."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:263(para)
msgid "The linear light channel encoding, which of course is exactly linear."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:265(para)
msgid ""
"The sRGB channel encoding and the \"gamma=2.2\" channel encoding, which are "
"both approximately perceptually uniform and approximately equal to each "
"other."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:268(para)
msgid ""
"The \"gamma=1.8\" channel encoding, which is neither linear nor "
"approximately perceptually uniform, though it's closer to being perceptually "
"uniform than it is to being linear."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:280(para)
msgid "The Linear light, sRGB, and LAB channel encodings compared."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:284(para)
msgid "Looking at the above image:"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:286(para)
msgid ""
"The Linear light channel encoding (top row) represents how lightwaves "
"combine out there in the real world."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:288(para)
msgid "The sRGB channel encoding (middle row) is almost perceptually uniform."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:290(para)
msgid ""
"The LAB channel encoding (bottom row) is exactly perceptually uniform, which "
"means it represents how our eyes respond to changes in luminance."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:294(para)
msgid ""
"In GIMP 2.10 two different channel encodings are used internally for various "
"editing operations, these being \"Linear light\" and \"Perceptually uniform "
"(sRGB)\"."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:297(para)
msgid ""
"The companding-curves-compared.png shown above is a slightly modified "
"version of an image from <ulink url=\"http://ninedegreesbelow.com/"
"photography/xyz-rgb.html#Color\"> Completely Painless Programmer's Guide to "
"XYZ, RGB, ICC, xyY, and TRCs </ulink>, which is licensed as <ulink url="
"\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en_US\"> Creative "
"Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:309(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:312(primary)
msgid "Channel"
msgstr ""

#. TRANSLATORS: this is the modified text from concepts.xml, so
#.       you should check po/LANG/concepts.po for an old translation
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:317(para)
msgid ""
"A channel refers to a certain component of an image. For instance, the "
"components of an <link linkend=\"glossary-rgb\">RGB</link> image are the "
"three primary colors red, green, blue, and sometimes transparency (alpha)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:323(para)
msgid ""
"Every channel is a grayscale image of exactly the same size as the image "
"and, consequently, consists of the same number of pixels. Every pixel of "
"this grayscale image can be regarded as a container which can be filled with "
"a value ranging from 0 to 255. The exact meaning of this value depends on "
"the type of channel, e.g. in the <acronym>RGB</acronym> color model the "
"value in the <emphasis>R</emphasis>-channel means the amount of red which is "
"added to the color of the different pixels; in the selection channel, the "
"value denotes how strongly the pixels are selected; and in the alpha channel "
"the values denote how opaque the corresponding pixels are. See also <xref "
"linkend=\"gimp-concepts-channels\"/>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:341(phrase)
msgid "Clipboard"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:344(para)
msgid ""
"The Clipboard is a temporary area of memory which is used to transfer data "
"between applications or documents. It is used when you Cut, Copy or Paste "
"data in <acronym>GIMP</acronym>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:349(para)
msgid ""
"The clipboard is implemented slightly differently under different operating "
"systems. Under Linux/XFree, <acronym>GIMP</acronym> uses the XFree clipboard "
"for text and the <acronym>GIMP</acronym> internal image clipboard for "
"transferring images between image documents. Under other operating systems, "
"the clipboard may work somewhat differently. See the <acronym>GIMP</acronym> "
"documentation for your operating system for further information."
msgstr ""

#. TODO: this para should go to concepts/using
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:359(para)
msgid ""
"The basic operations provided by the clipboard are <quote>Cut</quote>, "
"<quote>Copy</quote>, and <quote>Paste</quote>. Cut means that the item is "
"removed from the document and copied to the clipboard. Copy leaves the item "
"in the document and copies it to the clipboard. Paste copies the contents of "
"the clipboard to the document. The <acronym>GIMP</acronym> makes an "
"intelligent decision about what to paste depending upon the target. If the "
"target is a canvas, the Paste operation uses the image clipboard. If the "
"target is a text entry box, the paste operation uses the text clipboard."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:375(phrase) src/glossary/glossary.xml:378(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:432(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:670(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1240(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1343(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2059(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2203(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2427(primary)
msgid "Color"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:381(para)
msgid ""
"On the one hand, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light\"> light</"
"ulink> comes from the sun or other radiant sources, and is <ulink url="
"\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_refraction\"> refracted</"
"ulink>by mediums (water, the atmosphere, glass) and <ulink url=\"https://en."
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_reflection\">diffusely </ulink> or <ulink url="
"\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specular_reflection\"> specularly</ulink> "
"reflected by surfaces."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:390(para)
msgid ""
"On the other hand, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color\">color</"
"ulink> isn't out there in the world in the same tangible way that light is. "
"Rather color is part of how we sense the world around us. Light enters the "
"eyes, is processed by light receptors (<ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/"
"wiki/Cone_cell\">cones</ulink> and <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
"Rod_cell\">rods</ulink>), and sent via the optic nerves to the brain for "
"further processing and interpretation."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:400(para)
msgid ""
"Light varies in <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelength"
"\">wavelengths</ulink>, which our eyes and brain interpret as varying hues "
"(reds, blues, greens, and so on), and also in <ulink url=\"http://en."
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminance\">intensity (aka \"luminance\")</ulink>. So our "
"<ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_vision\">perception of "
"color</ulink> is composed of both intensity (\"luminance\") information and "
"chromaticity information."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:408(para)
msgid ""
"The <ulink url=\"http://www1.icsi.berkeley.edu/wcs/\">naming of colors </"
"ulink> carries one out of the narrow realm of color perception, and into the "
"larger realm of cultural and linguistic interpretation and classification of "
"color, and thence into even larger philosophical, aesthetic, theological, "
"and metaphysical considerations."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:414(para)
msgid ""
"The above explanation of Color is a slightly modified excerpt from the "
"<ulink url=\"http://ninedegreesbelow.com/photography/xyz-rgb.html#Color\"> "
"Completely Painless Programmer's Guide to XYZ, RGB, ICC, xyY, and TRCs </"
"ulink>, which is licensed as <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/"
"licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en_US\"> Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 "
"Unported License</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:426(phrase)
msgid "CMY, CMYK"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:429(primary)
msgid "CMYK"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:433(secondary)
msgid "Subtractive color synthesis"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:436(para)
msgid ""
"CMYK is a <link linkend=\"glossary-colormodel\">color model</link> which has "
"components for Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black. It is a subtractive color "
"model, and that fact is important when an image is printed. It is "
"complementary to the <link linkend=\"glossary-rgb\">RGB</link> color model."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:443(para)
msgid ""
"The values of the individual colors vary between 0% and 100%, where 0% "
"corresponds to an unprinted color, and 100% corresponds to a completely "
"printed area of color. Colors are formed by mixing the three basic colors."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:449(para)
msgid ""
"The last of these values, K (Black), doesn't contribute to the color, but "
"merely serves to darken the other colors. The letter K is used for Black to "
"prevent confusion, since B usually stands for Blue."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:456(title)
msgid "Subtractive color model"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:464(para)
msgid ""
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> does not currently support the CMYK model. (An "
"experimental plug-in providing rudimentary CMYK support can be found <xref "
"linkend=\"bibliography-online-plugin-separate\"/>.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:469(para)
msgid ""
"This is the mode used in printing. These are the colors in the ink "
"cartridges in your printer. It is the mode used in painting and in all the "
"objects around us, where light is reflected, not emitted. Objects absorb "
"part of the light waves and we see only the reflected part. Note that the "
"cones in our eyes see this reflected light in RGB mode. An object appears "
"Red because Green and Blue have been absorbed. Since the combination of "
"Green and Blue is Cyan, Cyan is absorbed when you add Red. Conversely, if "
"you add Cyan, its complementary color, Red, is absorbed. This system is "
"<emphasis>subtractive</emphasis>. If you add Yellow, you decrease Blue, and "
"if you add Magenta, you decrease Green."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:482(para)
msgid ""
"It would be logical to think that by mixing Cyan, Magenta and Yellow, you "
"would subtract Red, Green and Blue, and the eye would see no light at all, "
"that is, Black. But the question is more complex. In fact, you would see a "
"dark brown. That is why this mode also has a Black value, and why your "
"printer has a Black cartridge. It is less expensive that way. The printer "
"doesn't have to mix the other three colors to create an imperfect Black, it "
"just has to add Black."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:496(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:499(primary)
msgid "Color depth"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:502(primary)
msgid "bpp"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:505(para)
msgid ""
"Color depth is simply the number of bits used to represent a color (bits per "
"pixel : bpp). There are 3 channels for a pixel (for Red, Green and Blue). "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> can support 8 bits per channel, referred as "
"<emphasis>eight-bit color</emphasis>. So, <acronym>GIMP</acronym> color "
"depth is 8&nbsp;*&nbsp;3&nbsp;=&nbsp;24, which allows 256&nbsp;"
"*&nbsp;256&nbsp;*&nbsp;256&nbsp;=&nbsp;16,777,216 possible colors (8 bits "
"allow 256 colors)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:520(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:523(primary)
msgid "Color model"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:526(para)
msgid ""
"A color model is a way of describing and specifying a color. The term is "
"often used loosely to refer to both a color space system and the color space "
"on which it is based."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:532(para)
msgid ""
"A color space is a set of colors which can be displayed or recognized by an "
"input or output device (such as a scanner, monitor, printer, etc.). The "
"colors of a color space are specified as values in a color space system, "
"which is a coordinate system in which the individual colors are described by "
"coordinate values on various axes. Because of the structure of the human "
"eye, there are three axes in color spaces which are intended for human "
"observers. The practical application of that is that colors are specified "
"with three components (with a few exceptions). There are about 30 to 40 "
"color space systems in use. Some important examples are:"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:547(link) src/glossary/glossary.xml:2053(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2056(primary)
msgid "RGB"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:552(link) src/glossary/glossary.xml:1165(phrase)
msgid "HSV"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:557(link)
msgid "CMY(K)"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:562(link) src/glossary/glossary.xml:2579(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2582(primary)
msgid "YUV"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:567(link) src/glossary/glossary.xml:2525(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2528(primary)
msgid "YCbCr"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:576(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:579(primary)
msgid "Display-referred"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:582(para)
msgid ""
"The phrase \"display-referred\" refers to images that can be displayed "
"(either directly or by means of ICC profile color management) on devices. "
"The displaying device might be a monitor, or an image printed on paper, or "
"some other display technology."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:587(para)
msgid ""
"Regardless of the technology, when you display an image on a device, that "
"device has a maximum and minimum brightness. The maximum and minimum "
"brightnesses are referred to as <link linkend=\"glossary-display-referred-"
"white\">display-referred white</link> and <link linkend=\"glossary-display-"
"referred-black\">display-referred black</link>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:595(para) src/glossary/glossary.xml:625(para)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:651(para)
msgid ""
"The above explanation is a slightly modified excerpt from <ulink url="
"\"http://ninedegreesbelow.com/photography/display-referred-scene-referred."
"html\"> Models for image editing: Display-referred and scene-referred</"
"ulink>. The modified excerpt was written and quoted by permission of the "
"author, who has licensed the modified excerpt under the <ulink url=\"http://"
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en_US\"> Creative Commons "
"Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:608(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:611(primary)
msgid "Display-referred white"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:614(para)
msgid ""
"\"Display-referred white\" (or for simplicity, \"white\") means the floating "
"point RGB color (1.0, 1.0, 1.0) and the integer equivalents (255,255,255),"
"(65535,65535,65535), etc, for 8-bit integer, 16-bit integer, etc."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:619(para)
msgid ""
"\"Display-referred white\" has the very special significance that in display-"
"referred editing there's no such thing as \"brighter than white\". So in "
"display-referred image editing, all RGB channel values are less than or "
"equal to 1.0 and no color is brighter than \"white\", (1.0, 1.0, 1.0)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:638(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:641(primary)
msgid "Display-referred black"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:644(para)
msgid ""
"\"Display-referred black\" (or for simplicity, \"black\") means the floating "
"point RGB color (0.0, 0.0, 0.0) and its integer equivalents. This color has "
"the very special significance that there's no such thing as \"less bright "
"than black\". So in display-referred image editing, all RGB channel values "
"are greater than or equal to 0.0 and no color is less bright than \"black\", "
"(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:664(phrase) src/glossary/glossary.xml:667(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:671(secondary)
msgid "Dithering"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:674(para)
msgid ""
"Dithering is a technique used in computer graphics to create the illusion of "
"more colors when displaying an image which has a low <link linkend="
"\"glossary-colordepth\">color depth</link>. In a dithered image, the missing "
"colors are reproduced by a certain arrangement of pixels in the available "
"colors. The human eye perceives this as a mixture of the individual colors."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:682(para)
msgid ""
"The <link linkend=\"gimp-tool-gradient\">Gradient tool</link> uses "
"dithering. You may also choose to use dithering when you convert an image to "
"<link linkend=\"gimp-image-convert-indexed\">Indexed</link> format. If you "
"are working on an image with indexed colors, some tools (such as the pattern "
"fill tool) may also use dithering, if the correct color is not available in "
"the colormap."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:690(para)
msgid ""
"The <link linkend=\"gimp-filter-newsprint\">Newsprint</link> filter uses "
"dithering as well. You can use the <link linkend=\"plug-in-nlfilt\">NL "
"Filter</link> (Non Linear filter) to remove unwanted dithering noise from "
"your image."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:696(para)
msgid ""
"Also note that although <acronym>GIMP</acronym> itself uses 24-bit colors, "
"your system may not actually be able to display that many colors. If it "
"doesn't, then the software in between <acronym>GIMP</acronym> and your "
"system may also dither colors while displaying them."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:703(para)
msgid ""
"See also the glossary entry on <link linkend=\"glossary-floyd-steinberg-"
"dithering\">Floyd-Steinberg dithering</link>, which is used in "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:713(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:716(primary)
msgid "EXIF"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:719(para)
msgid ""
"Exchangeable image file format (official abbreviation Exif, not EXIF) is a "
"specification for the image file format used by digital cameras. It was "
"created by the Japan Electronic Industry Development Association (JEIDA). "
"The specification uses the existing JPEG, TIFF Rev. 6.0, and RIFF WAVE file "
"formats, with the addition of specific metadata tags. It is not supported in "
"JPEG 2000 or PNG. Version 2.1 of the specification is dated June 12, 1998 "
"and version 2.2 is dated April 2002. The Exif tag structure is taken from "
"that of TIFF files. There is a large overlap between the tags defined in the "
"TIFF, Exif, TIFF/EP and DCF standards <xref linkend=\"bibliography-online-"
"wkpd-exif\"/>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:737(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:740(primary)
msgid "Feathering"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:743(para)
msgid ""
"The process of Feathering makes a smooth transition between a region and the "
"background by softly blending the edges of the region."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:754(para)
msgid ""
"In <acronym>GIMP</acronym>, you can feather the edges of a selection. "
"Brushes can also have feathered edges."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:763(phrase)
msgid "File Format"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:766(primary)
msgid "File format"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:769(para)
msgid ""
"A file format or file type is the form in which computer data is stored. "
"Since a file is stored by an operating system as a linear series of bytes, "
"which cannot describe many kinds of real data in an obvious way, conventions "
"have been developed for interpreting the information as representations of "
"complex data. All of the conventions for a particular <quote>kind</quote> of "
"file constitute a file format."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:778(para)
msgid ""
"Some typical file formats for saving images are JPEG, TIFF, PNG and GIF. The "
"best file format for saving an image depends upon how the image is intended "
"to be used. For example, if the image is intended for the internet, file "
"size is a very important factor, and if the image is intended to be printed, "
"high resolution and quality have greater significance. See <link linkend="
"\"gimp-using-fileformats\">Format types</link>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:791(glossterm)
msgid "Floating Selection"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:793(primary)
msgid "Selection"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:794(secondary)
msgid "Floating selection"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:797(para)
msgid ""
"A floating selection (sometimes called a <quote>floating layer</quote>) is a "
"type of temporary layer which is similar in function to a normal layer, "
"except that a floating selection must be <link linkend=\"gimp-layer-anchor"
"\">anchored</link> before you can resume working on any other layers in the "
"image."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:804(para)
msgid ""
"Floating selections are described in <xref linkend=\"gimp-selection-float\"/"
">."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:808(para)
msgid ""
"In early versions of <acronym>GIMP</acronym>, when <acronym>GIMP</acronym> "
"did not use layers, floating selections were used for performing operations "
"on a limited part of an image (you can do that more easily now with layers). "
"Now floating selections have no practical use, but you must know what you "
"have to do with them."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:820(phrase)
msgid "Floyd-Steinberg Dithering"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:823(primary)
msgid "Floyd-Steinberg"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:826(para)
msgid ""
"Floyd-Steinberg dithering is a method of <link linkend=\"glossary-dithering"
"\">dithering</link> which was first published in 1976 by Robert W. Floyd and "
"Louis Steinberg. The dithering process begins in the upper left corner of "
"the image. For each pixel, the closest available color in the palette is "
"chosen and the difference between that color and the original color is "
"computed in each RGB channel. Then specific fractions of these differences "
"are dispersed among several adjacent pixels which haven't yet been visited "
"(below and to the right of the original pixel). Because of the order of "
"processing, the procedure can be done in a single pass over the image."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:839(para)
msgid ""
"When you convert an image to <link linkend=\"gimp-image-convert-indexed"
"\">Indexed</link> mode, you can choose between two variants of Floyd-"
"Steinberg dithering."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:850(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:853(primary)
msgid "Gamma"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:856(para)
msgid ""
"Gamma or gamma correction is a non-linear operation which is used to encode "
"and decode luminance or color values in video or still image systems. It is "
"used in many types of imaging systems to straighten out a curved signal-to-"
"light or intensity-to-signal response. For example, the light emitted by a "
"CRT is not linear with regard to its input voltage, and the voltage from an "
"electric camera is not linear with regard to the intensity (power) of the "
"light in the scene. Gamma encoding helps to map the data into a perceptually "
"linear domain, so that the limited signal range (the limited number of bits "
"in each RGB signal) is better optimized perceptually."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:868(para)
msgid ""
"Gamma is used as an exponent (power) in the correction equation. Gamma "
"compression (where gamma &lt; 1) is used to encode linear luminance or RGB "
"values into color signals or digital file values, and gamma expansion (where "
"gamma &gt; 1) is the decoding process, and usually occurs where the current-"
"to-voltage function for a CRT is non-linear."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:875(para)
msgid ""
"For PC video, images are encoded with a gamma of about 0.45 and decoded with "
"a gamma of 2.2. For Mac systems, images are typically encoded with a gamma "
"of about 0.55 and decoded with a gamma of 1.8. The sRGB color space standard "
"used for most cameras, PCs and printers does not use a simple exponential "
"equation, but has a decoding gamma value near 2.2 over much of its range."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:883(para)
msgid ""
"In <acronym>GIMP</acronym>, gamma is an option used in the brush tab of the "
"<link linkend=\"plug-in-gimpressionist\">GIMPressionist</link> filter and in "
"the <link linkend=\"plug-in-flame\">Flame</link> filter. The <link linkend="
"\"gimp-display-filter-dialog\">display filters</link> also include a Gamma "
"filter. Also see the <link linkend=\"gimp-tool-levels\">Levels Tool</link>, "
"where you can use the middle slider to change the gamma value."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:897(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:900(primary)
msgid "Gamut"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:903(para)
msgid ""
"In color reproduction, including computer graphics and photography, the "
"gamut, or color gamut (pronounced /ˈgæmət/), is a certain complete subset of "
"colors. The most common usage refers to the subset of colors which can be "
"accurately represented in a given circumstance, such as within a given color "
"space or by a certain output device. Another sense, less frequently used but "
"not less correct, refers to the complete set of colors found within an image "
"at a given time. In this context, digitizing a photograph, converting a "
"digitized image to a different color space, or outputting it to a given "
"medium using a certain output device generally alters its gamut, in the "
"sense that some of the colors in the original are lost in the process. <xref "
"linkend=\"bibliography-online-wkpd-gamut\"/>"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:922(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:925(primary)
msgid "GIF"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:928(para)
msgid ""
"<trademark class=\"trade\">GIF</trademark> stands for Graphics Interchange "
"Format. It is a <link linkend=\"glossary-fileformat\">file format</link> "
"with good, lossless compression for images with low <link linkend=\"glossary-"
"colordepth\">color depth</link> (up to 256 different colors per image). "
"Since GIF was developed, a new format called <link linkend=\"file-png-save-"
"defaults\">Portable Network Graphics (PNG)</link> has been developed, which "
"is better than GIF in all respects, with the exception of animations and "
"some rarely-used features."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:940(para)
msgid ""
"GIF was introduced by CompuServe in 1987. It became popular mostly because "
"of its efficient, LZW compression. The size of the image files required "
"clearly less disk space than other usual graphics formats of the time, such "
"as PCX or MacPaint. Even large images could be transmitted in a reasonable "
"time, even with slow modems. In addition, the open licensing policy of "
"CompuServe made it possible for any programmer to implement the GIF format "
"for his own applications free of charge, as long as the CompuServe copyright "
"notice was attached to them."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:951(para)
msgid ""
"Colors in GIF are stored in a color table which can hold up to 256 different "
"entries, chosen from 16.7 million different color values. When the image "
"format was introduced, this was not a much of a limitation, since only a few "
"people had hardware which could display more colors than that. For typical "
"drawings, cartoons, black-and-white photographs and similar uses, 256 colors "
"are quite sufficient as a rule, even today. For more complex images, such as "
"color photographs, however, a huge loss of quality is apparent, which is why "
"the format is not considered to be suitable for those purposes."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:962(para)
msgid ""
"One color entry in the palette can be defined to be transparent. With "
"transparency, the GIF image can look like it is non-rectangular in shape. "
"However, semi-transparency, as in <link linkend=\"file-png-save-defaults"
"\">PNG</link>, is not possible. A pixel can only be either entirely visible "
"or completely transparent."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:970(para)
msgid ""
"The first version of GIF was 87a. In 1989, CompuServe published an expanded "
"version, called 89a. Among other things, this made it possible to save "
"several images in one GIF file, which is especially used for simple "
"animation. The version number can be distinguished from the first six bytes "
"of a GIF file. Interpreted as ASCII symbols, they are <quote>GIF87a</quote> "
"or <quote>GIF89a</quote>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:983(phrase)
msgid "GNU"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:986(para)
msgid ""
"The GNU project was started in 1983 by Richard Stallman with the goal of "
"developing a completely free operating system. It is especially well-known "
"from the GNU General Public License (GPL) and GNU/Linux, a GNU-variant with "
"a Linux kernel."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:992(para)
msgid ""
"The name came about from the naming conventions which were in practice at "
"MIT, where Stallman worked at the time. For programs which were similar to "
"other programs, recursive acronyms were chosen as names. Since the new "
"system was to be based on the widespread operating system, Unix, Stallman "
"looked for that kind of name and came up with GNU, which stands for "
"<quote>GNU is not Unix</quote>. In order to avoid confusion, the name should "
"be pronounced with the <quote>G</quote>, not like <quote>new</quote>. There "
"were several reasons for making GNU Unix-compatible. For one thing, Stallman "
"was convinced that most companies would refuse a completely new operating "
"system, if the programs they used wouldn't run on it. In addition, the "
"architecture of Unix made quick, easy and distributed development possible, "
"since Unix consists of many small programs that can be developed "
"independently of each other, for the most part. Also, many parts of a Unix "
"system were freely available to anyone and could therefore be directly "
"integrated into GNU, for example, the typesetting system, TeX, or the X "
"Window System. The missing parts were newly written from the ground up."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1013(para)
msgid ""
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> (GNU Image Manipulation Program) is an official GNU "
"application <xref linkend=\"bibliography-online-wkpd-gnu\"/>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1023(anchor:xreflabel)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1024(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1027(primary)
msgid "Grayscale"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1028(secondary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1546(secondary)
msgid "Overview"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1031(para)
msgid ""
"Grayscale is a mode for encoding the colors of an image which contains only "
"black, white and shades of gray."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1035(para)
msgid ""
"When you create a new image, you can choose to create it in Grayscale mode "
"(which you can colorize later, by changing it to RGB mode). You can also "
"change an existing image to grayscale by using the <link linkend=\"gimp-"
"image-convert-grayscale\">Grayscale</link>, <link linkend=\"gimp-filter-"
"desaturate\">Desaturate</link>, <link linkend=\"plug-in-decompose"
"\">Decompose</link>, <link linkend=\"gimp-filter-channel-mixer\">Channel "
"Mixer</link>, although not all formats will accept these changes. Although "
"you can create images in Grayscale mode and convert images to it, it is not "
"a color model, in the true sense of the word."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1047(para)
msgid ""
"As explained in <link linkend=\"glossary-rgb\">RGB mode</link>, 24-bit "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> images can have up to 256 levels of gray. If you "
"change from Grayscale to RGB mode, your image will have an RGB structure "
"with three color channels, but of course, it will still be gray."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1054(para)
msgid "Grayscale image files (8-bit) are smaller than RGB files."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1062(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1065(primary)
msgid "Guides"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1066(secondary)
msgid "Using"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1069(para)
msgid ""
"Guides are lines you can temporarily display on an image while you are "
"working on it. You can display as many guides as you would like, in either "
"the horizontal or the vertical direction. These lines help you position a "
"selection or a layer on the image. They do not appear when the image is "
"printed."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1076(para)
msgid ""
"For more information see <xref linkend=\"gimp-concepts-image-guides\"/>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1085(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1088(primary)
msgid "High Dynamic Range"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1091(para)
msgid ""
"With <link linkend=\"glossary-display-referred\">display-referred</link> "
"data you have roughly two and half stops of head room above middle gray and "
"maybe six and a half usable stops below middle gray, at which point the data "
"is too densely packed into too few tonal steps to accurately display "
"differences between solid black and \"just barely gray\". So at best you "
"have 9 stops of dynamic range, compared to the 20 or more stops of dynamic "
"range you might find in some (certainly not all!) real world scenes."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1101(para)
msgid ""
"The usual solution to the dynamic range limitations of display-referred data "
"is to allow channel values to be however high as is needed to encode the "
"scene data. This means allowing channel values that are above display-"
"referred white."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1106(para)
msgid ""
"Several file formats currently supported by GIMP 2.10 can be used to import "
"and export high dynamic range images, including floating point tiffs, "
"OpenEXR, and FITS."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1110(para)
msgid ""
"When working with high dynamic range data in GIMP 2.10, the <link linkend="
"\"glossary-channel-encoding\">channel encoding</link> does need to be linear "
"to avoid gamma artifacts."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1114(para)
msgid ""
"Editing high dynamic range data requires that there isn't any clamping code "
"in editing operations and blend modes. At floating point precision:"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1118(para)
msgid ""
"Many (but not all) GIMP 2.10 blend modes are unclamped, including Normal, "
"Addition, Subtract, Multiply, Lighten Only, Darken Only, Difference, and the "
"LCH and Luminance blend modes. Blend modes such as Screen, Soft Light, and "
"Overlay are not unclamped as these operations are designed to work with "
"display-referred data."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1124(para)
msgid ""
"Many (too many to list but certainly not all, as some editing operations are "
"designed to work with display-referred data) GIMP 2.10 editing operations "
"also are unclamped, including Levels, Exposure, transforms such as scaling "
"and rotating, and various filter operations such as Gaussian blur."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1131(para)
msgid ""
"Portions of the above explanation of \"high dynamic range\" are slightly "
"modified excerpts from the <ulink url=\"http://ninedegreesbelow.com/"
"photography/display-referred-scene-referred.html#scene-referred\">Models for "
"image editing: Display-referred and scene-referred</ulink>. These excerpts "
"are quoted by permission and the modified excerpts are licensed as <ulink "
"url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en_US\"> Creative "
"Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License</ulink>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1143(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1146(primary)
msgid "Histogram"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1149(para)
msgid ""
"In digital image processing, a histogram is a graph representing the "
"statistical frequency of the gray values or the color values in an image. "
"The histogram of an image tells you about the occurrence of gray values or "
"color values, as well as the contrast range and the brightness of the image. "
"In a color image, you can create one histogram with information about all "
"possible colors, or three histograms for the individual color channels. The "
"latter makes the most sense, since most procedures are based on grayscale "
"images and therefore further processing is immediately possible."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1168(para)
msgid ""
"HSV is a <link linkend=\"glossary-colormodel\">color model</link> which has "
"components for Hue (the color, such as blue or red), Saturation (how strong "
"the color is) and Value (the brightness)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1173(para)
msgid ""
"The RGB mode is very well suited to computer screens, but it doesn't let us "
"describe what we see in everyday life; a light green, a pale pink, a "
"dazzling red, etc. The HSV model takes these characteristics into account. "
"HSV and RGB are not completely independent of each other. You can see that "
"with the Color Picker tool; when you change a color in one of the color "
"models, the other one also changes. Brave souls can read <emphasis>Grokking "
"the GIMP</emphasis>, which explains their interrelationship."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1185(para)
msgid "Brief description of the HSV components:"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1187(term)
msgid "Hue"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1189(para)
msgid ""
"This is the color itself, which results from the combination of primary "
"colors. All shades (except for the gray levels) are represented in a "
"<emphasis>chromatic circle</emphasis>: yellow, blue, and also purple, "
"orange, etc. The chromatic circle (or <quote>color wheel</quote>) values "
"range between 0° and 360°. (The term <quote>color</quote> is often used "
"instead of <quote>Hue</quote>. The RGB colors are <quote>primary colors</"
"quote>.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1202(term) src/glossary/glossary.xml:2030(term)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2197(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2200(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2204(secondary)
msgid "Saturation"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1204(para)
msgid ""
"This value describes how pale the color is. A completely unsaturated color "
"is a shade of gray. As the saturation increases, the color becomes a pastel "
"shade. A completely saturated color is pure. Saturation values go from 0 to "
"100, from white to the purest color."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1214(term) src/glossary/glossary.xml:2421(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2424(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2428(secondary)
msgid "Value"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1216(para)
msgid ""
"This value describes the luminosity, the luminous intensity. It is the "
"amount of light emitted by a color. You can see a change of luminosity when "
"a colored object is moved from being in the shadow to being in the sun, or "
"when you increase the luminosity of your screen. Values go from 0 to 100. "
"Pixel values in the three channels are also luminosities: <quote>Value</"
"quote> in the HSV color model is the maximum of these elementary values in "
"the RGB space (scaled to 0-100)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1234(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1237(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1241(secondary)
msgid "HTML notation"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1244(para)
msgid ""
"A hex triplet is a way of encoding a color for a computer. The <quote>#</"
"quote> symbol indicates that the numbers which follow it are encoded in "
"hexadecimal. Each color is specified in two hexadecimal digits which make up "
"a triplet (three pairs) of hexadecimal values in the form <quote>#rrggbb</"
"quote>, where <quote>rr</quote> represents red, <quote>gg</quote> represents "
"green and <quote>bb</quote> represents blue."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1258(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1261(primary)
msgid "Image Hose"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1264(para)
msgid ""
"An image hose in <acronym>GIMP</acronym> is a special type of brush which "
"consists of several images. For example, you could have a brush with "
"footprints, which consists of two images, one for the left footprint and one "
"for the right. While painting with this brush, a left footprint would appear "
"first, then a right footprint, then a left one, etc. This type of brush is "
"very powerful."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1272(para)
msgid ""
"An image hose is also sometimes called an <quote>image pipe</quote> or "
"<quote>animated brush</quote>. An image hose is indicated in the Brushes "
"dialog by a small red triangle in the lower right corner of the brush's "
"symbol."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1278(para)
msgid ""
"For information concerning creating an image hose, please see the <xref "
"linkend=\"gimp-using-animated-brushes\"/> and <xref linkend=\"gimp-using-"
"brushes\"/>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1288(phrase)
msgid "Incremental, paint mode"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1291(primary)
msgid "Incremental"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1294(para)
msgid ""
"Incremental mode is a paint mode where each brush stroke is drawn directly "
"on the active layer. When it is set, each additional stroke of the brush "
"increases the effect of the brush, up to the maximum opacity for the brush."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1300(para)
msgid ""
"If incremental mode is not set, brush strokes are drawn on a canvas buffer, "
"which is then combined with the active layer. The maximum effect of a brush "
"is then determined by the opacity, and stroking with the brush repeatedly "
"does not increase the effect beyond this limit."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1320(para)
msgid ""
"The two images above were created using a brush with spacing set to 60 "
"percent. The image on the left shows non-incremental painting and the image "
"on the right shows the difference with incremental painting."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1325(para)
msgid ""
"Incremental mode is a tool option that is shared by several brush tools, "
"except those which have a <quote>rate</quote> control, which automatically "
"implies an incremental effect. You can set it by checking the <guilabel "
"moreinfo=\"none\">Incremental</guilabel> checkbox in the tool option dialog "
"for the tool (Paintbrush, Pencil and Eraser)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1337(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1340(primary)
msgid "Indexed Colors"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1344(secondary)
msgid "Indexed colors"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1347(para)
msgid ""
"Indexed color mode is a mode for encoding colors in an image where each "
"pixel in the image is assigned an 8-bit color number. The color which "
"corresponds to this number is then put in a table (the palette). Changing a "
"color in the palette changes all the pixels which refer to this palette "
"color. Although you can create images in <emphasis>Indexed Color</emphasis> "
"mode and can transform images to it, it is, strictly speaking, not a <link "
"linkend=\"glossary-colormodel\">color model</link>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1357(para)
msgid ""
"See also the <link linkend=\"gimp-indexed-palette-dialog\">Indexed Palette</"
"link> section and the <link linkend=\"gimp-image-convert-indexed\">Convert "
"Image to Indexed Colors</link> command."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1368(phrase)
msgid "Interpolation"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1371(para)
msgid ""
"Interpolation means calculating intermediate values. When you enlarge "
"(<quote>digitally zoom</quote>) or otherwise transform (rotate, shear or "
"give perspective to) a digital image, interpolation procedures are used to "
"compute the colors of the pixels in the transformed image. <acronym>GIMP</"
"acronym> offers three interpolation methods, which differ in quality and "
"speed. In general, the better the quality, the more time the interpolation "
"takes (see <link linkend=\"gimp-tool-interpolation-methods\">Interpolation "
"methods</link>)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1383(para)
msgid ""
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> uses interpolation when you <link linkend=\"gimp-"
"image-scale\">Scale</link> an image, <link linkend=\"gimp-layer-scale"
"\">Scale</link> a layer, and when you <link linkend=\"gimp-tools-transform"
"\">Transform</link> an image."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1394(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1397(primary)
msgid "IPTC"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1400(para)
msgid ""
"IPTC is an acronym for International Press Telecommunications Council which "
"developed the Information Interchange Model (IIM) for text, image and other "
"media types metadata. Refer to <xref linkend=\"bibliography-online-wkpd-iptc"
"\"/>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1411(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1414(primary)
msgid "JPEG"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1417(para)
msgid ""
"JPEG is a <link linkend=\"glossary-fileformat\">file format</link> which "
"supports compression and works at all color depths. The image compression is "
"adjustable, but beware: Too high a compression could severely reduce image "
"quality, since JPEG compression is lossy."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1423(para)
msgid ""
"Use JPEG to create web graphics or if you don't want your image to take up a "
"lot of space. JPEG is a good format for photographs and for computer-"
"generated images (CGI). It is not well suited for:"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1431(para)
msgid ""
"digital line drawings (for example, screenshots or vector graphics), in "
"which there are many neighboring pixels with the same color values, few "
"colors and hard edges,"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1438(para)
msgid "Black and white images (only black and white, one bit per pixel) or"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1444(para)
msgid "half-toned images (newsprint)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1447(para)
msgid ""
"Other formats, such as GIF, PNG or JBIG, are far better for these kinds of "
"images."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1451(para)
msgid ""
"In general, JPEG transformations are not reversible. Opening and then saving "
"a JPEG file causes a new, lossy compression. Increasing the quality factor "
"later will not bring back the image information which was lost."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1462(phrase)
msgid "L*a*b*"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1465(para)
msgid ""
"The Lab color space (also called the L*a*b* color space) is a <link linkend="
"\"glossary-colormodel\">color model</link> developed in the beginning of the "
"1930s by the Commission Internationale d`Eclairage (CIE). It includes all "
"the colors that the human eye can perceive. That contains the colors of the "
"RGB and the CMYK color spaces, among others. In Lab, a color is indicated by "
"three values: L, a and b. Here, the L stands for the luminance component — "
"corresponding to the gray value — and a and b represent the red-green and "
"blue-yellow parts of the color, respectively."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1477(para)
msgid ""
"In contrast to RGB or CMYK, Lab is not dependent upon the various input and "
"output devices. For that reason, it is used as an exchange format between "
"devices. Lab is also the internal color model of PostScript Level II."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1488(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1491(primary)
msgid "Layer"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1494(para)
msgid ""
"You can think of layers as being a stack of slides which are more or less "
"transparent. Each layer represents an aspect of the image and the image is "
"the sum of all of these aspects. The layer at the bottom of the stack is the "
"background layer. The layers above it are the components of the foreground."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1501(para)
msgid ""
"You can view and manage the layers of the image through the <link linkend="
"\"gimp-layer-dialog\">Layers dialog</link>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1506(title)
msgid "Example image with layers"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1513(para)
msgid "Representation of an image with layers"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1521(para)
msgid "The final image"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1529(phrase)
msgid "Marching Ants"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1532(para)
msgid ""
"Marching ants is a term which describes the dotted line which surrounds a "
"selection. The line is animated, so it looks as if little ants are running "
"around behind each other."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1542(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1545(primary)
msgid "Masks"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1549(para)
msgid ""
"A mask is like a veil put over a layer (layer mask) or all the layers of an "
"image (selection mask). You can remove this mask by painting with white "
"color, and you can complete it by painting with black color. When the mask "
"is <quote>applied</quote>, non masked pixels will remain visible (the others "
"will be transparent) or will be selected, according to the type of mask."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1557(para)
msgid "There are two types of masks:"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1560(para)
msgid ""
"<emphasis>Layer Mask</emphasis>: Every layer can have its own mask. The "
"layer mask represents the Alpha channel of the layer and allows you to "
"manage its transparency. By painting on the layer mask, you can make parts "
"of the layer opaque or transparent: painting with black makes the layer "
"transparent, painting with white makes the layer opaque and painting with "
"shades of gray makes the layer semi-transparent. You can use all paint tools "
"to paint on the mask. You can also apply a filter or copy-paste. You can use "
"the Layer mask for transition effects, volume effects, merging elements from "
"another image, etc. See the <link linkend=\"gimp-layer-mask\">Layer Mask</"
"link> section for more details."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1576(para)
msgid ""
"<emphasis>Channel Mask</emphasis>, also called <emphasis>Selection Mask</"
"emphasis>: Channel Masks determine the transparency of a selection. By "
"painting on a Channel Mask with white, you remove the mask and increase the "
"selection; with black, you reduce the selection. This procedure lets you "
"create a selection very precisely. You can also save your selections to a "
"Channel Mask with the <link linkend=\"gimp-selection-to-channel\">Save to "
"Channel</link> command. You can retrieve it later by using the "
"<quote>Channel to selection</quote> command from the <link linkend=\"gimp-"
"channel-menu\">Channel menu</link>. Channel masks are so important in "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> that a special type has been implemented: the <link "
"linkend=\"gimp-quick-mask\">Quick&nbsp;mask</link>. See the <link linkend="
"\"gimp-channel-mask\">Selection&nbsp;mask</link> section for more details."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1601(phrase)
msgid "Moir&eacute; Effect"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1604(primary)
msgid "Moir&eacute;"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1607(para)
msgid ""
"The moir&eacute; effect (pronounce <quote>Moa-ray</quote>) is an unintended "
"pattern which appears when a regular pattern of grids or lines interferes "
"with another regular pattern placed over it. This can happen, for example, "
"when you are scanning an image with a periodic structure (such as a "
"checkered shirt or a half-toned image), scanning a digital image, taking a "
"digital photograph of a periodic pattern, or even when silkscreening."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1616(para)
msgid ""
"If you discover the problem in time, the best solution is to move the "
"original image a little bit in the scanner or to change the camera angle "
"slightly."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1621(para)
msgid ""
"If you cannot re-create the image file, <acronym>GIMP</acronym> offers some "
"filters which may help you with the problem. For more information, see the "
"<link linkend=\"plug-in-despeckle\">Despeckle</link> and <link linkend="
"\"plug-in-nlfilt\">NL Filter</link> (Non-Linear) filters."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1634(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1643(primary)
msgid "Parasite"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1637(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2440(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2445(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2455(secondary)
msgid "XCF"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1640(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2448(primary)
msgid ".xcf"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1646(para)
msgid ""
"A Parasite is additional data which may be written to an XCF file. A "
"parasite is identified by a name, and can be thought of as an extension to "
"the other information in an XCF file."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1651(para)
msgid ""
"Parasites of an image component may be read by <acronym>GIMP</acronym> plug-"
"ins. Plug-ins may also define their own parasite names, which are ignored by "
"other plug-ins. Examples of parasites are comments, the save options for the "
"TIFF, JPEG and PNG file formats, the gamma value the image was created with "
"and EXIF data."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1664(phrase)
msgid "Pass-through"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1667(para)
msgid ""
"Normally, the layers inside a layer group are isolated from the rest of the "
"image -- the layer group is essentially a separate sub-image, living inside "
"the bigger image; you can merge the group into a single layer, replace the "
"original group with it, and the result would be the same."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1674(para)
msgid ""
"In following examples, the names of the relevant layers in the images "
"specify the layer mode, with the composite mode in parentheses where "
"applicable, and the layer's opacity."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1685(para)
msgid ""
"In this example, the group uses Normal mode; note that the green and blue "
"layers don't affect the red layer: the green layer's color isn't added to "
"the red layer's color, and the blue layer only erases the green layer."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1694(para)
msgid ""
"Layer groups using Pass-through mode are different: the layers inside them "
"<quote>see</quote> the layers below the group, and interact with them "
"according to their layer mode."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1705(para)
msgid ""
"In this example, the group uses Pass-through mode. Note that the green "
"layer's color <emphasis>is</emphasis> added to the red layer's color, and "
"the blue layer erases both the green and the red layers."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1714(para)
msgid ""
"In simple cases, pass-through groups behave as though there is no group "
"involved at all."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1724(para)
msgid ""
"The green and blue layers are not inside a group, and the result is the same "
"as in the preceding example."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1730(para)
msgid ""
"In these cases, the group is primarily an organizational tool: it allows you "
"to group together several layers, achieving some desired effect, and handle "
"them as a unit."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1736(para)
msgid ""
"However, in general, pass-through groups are not equivalent to having no "
"group at all. For example, when the group's opacity is less than 100%, pass-"
"through groups still behave as a single unit, applying the opacity to the "
"group as a whole (like a normal group would) rather than to the individual "
"layers, while still letting the group layers interact with the background "
"layers."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1744(title)
msgid "Three images"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1764(para)
msgid ""
"Compare these three images, which demonstrate the same compositions as "
"above, with the group (or the individual layers, in the last example) having "
"an opacity of 50%. When using pass-through groups to group together several "
"layers achieving a collective effect, the group's opacity essentially lets "
"you control the <quote>strength</quote> of the effect, which can't be "
"achieved using either normal groups, or individual layers."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1778(phrase)
msgid "Path"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1781(para)
msgid ""
"A Path is a contour composed of straight lines, curves, or both. In "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym>, it is used to form the boundary of a selection, or "
"to be <emphasis>stroked</emphasis> to create visible marks on an image. "
"Unless a path is stroked, it is not visible when the image is printed and it "
"is not saved when the image is written to a file (unless you use XCF format)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1789(para)
msgid ""
"See the <link linkend=\"gimp-concepts-paths\">Paths Concepts</link> and "
"<link linkend=\"gimp-using-paths\">Using Paths</link> sections for basic "
"information on paths, and the <link linkend=\"gimp-tool-path\">Path Tool</"
"link> section for information on how to create and edit paths. You can "
"manage the paths in your image with the <link linkend=\"gimp-path-dialog"
"\">Paths dialog</link>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1803(phrase)
msgid "PDB"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1806(para)
msgid ""
"All of the functions which <acronym>GIMP</acronym> and its extensions make "
"available are registered in the Procedure Database (PDB). Developers can "
"look up useful programming information about these functions in the PDB by "
"using the <link linkend=\"plug-in-dbbrowser\">Procedure Browser</link>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1818(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1821(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1825(secondary)
msgid "PDF"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1828(para)
msgid ""
"PDF (Portable Document Format) is a <link linkend=\"glossary-fileformat"
"\">file format</link> which was developed by Adobe to address some of the "
"deficiencies of PostScript. Most importantly, PDF files tend to be much "
"smaller than equivalent PostScript files. As with PostScript, <acronym>GIMP</"
"acronym>'s support of the PDF format is through the free Ghostscript "
"libraries."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1842(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1845(primary)
msgid "Pixel"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1848(para)
msgid ""
"A pixel is a single dot, or <quote>picture element</quote>, of an image. A "
"rectangular image may be composed of thousands of pixels, each representing "
"the color of the image at a given location. The value of a pixel typically "
"consists of several <link linkend=\"glossary-channels\">Channels</link>, "
"such as the Red, Green and Blue components of its color, and sometimes its "
"Alpha (transparency)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1862(anchor:xreflabel)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1863(phrase)
msgid "Plugin"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1866(primary)
msgid "Plugins"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1867(secondary)
msgid "Definition"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1870(para)
msgid ""
"Optional extensions for the <acronym>GIMP</acronym>. Plugins are external "
"programs that run under the control of the main GIMP application and provide "
"specific functions on-demand. See <xref linkend=\"gimp-concepts-plugins\"/> "
"for further information."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1881(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1884(primary)
msgid "PNG"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1887(primary)
msgid ".png"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1890(para)
msgid ""
"PNG is the acronym of <quote>Portable Network Graphic</quote> (pronounce "
"<quote>ping</quote>. This recent format offers many advantages and a few "
"drawbacks: it is not lossy and gives files more heavy than the JPEG format, "
"but it is perfect for saving your images because you can save them several "
"times without losing data each time (it is used for this Help). It supports "
"True Colors (several millions of colors), indexed images (256 colors like "
"GIF), and 256 transparency levels (while GIF supports only two levels)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1904(glossterm)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1907(secondary)
msgid "PostScript"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1910(para)
msgid ""
"Created by Adobe, PostScript is a page description language mainly used by "
"printers and other output devices. It's also an excellent way to distribute "
"documents. <acronym>GIMP</acronym> does not support PostScript directly: it "
"depends on a powerful free software program called Ghostscript."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1917(para)
msgid ""
"The great power of PostScript is its ability to represent vector graphics—"
"lines, curves, text, paths, etc.—in a resolution-independent way. PostScript "
"is not very efficient, though, when it comes to representing pixel-based "
"raster graphics. For this reason, PostScript is not a good format to use for "
"saving images that are later going to be edited using <acronym>GIMP</"
"acronym> or another graphics program."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1930(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1933(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1940(secondary)
msgid "PSD"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1936(primary)
msgid ".psd"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1943(para)
msgid ""
"PSD is Adobe Photoshop's native <link linkend=\"glossary-fileformat\">file "
"format</link>, and it is therefore comparable to <link linkend=\"glossary-xcf"
"\">XCF</link> in complexity. <acronym>GIMP</acronym>'s ability to handle PSD "
"files is sophisticated but limited: some features of PSD files are not "
"loaded, and only older versions of PSD are supported. Unfortunately, Adobe "
"has now made the Photoshop Software Development Kit — which includes their "
"file format specifications — proprietary, and only available to a limited "
"set of developers approved by Adobe. This does not include the "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> development team, and the lack of information makes "
"it very difficult to maintain up-to-date support for PSD files."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1963(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1966(primary)
msgid "Quantization"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1969(para)
msgid ""
"Quantization is the process of reducing the color of a pixel into one of a "
"number of fixed values by matching the color to the nearest color in the "
"colormap. Actual pixel values may have far more precision than the discrete "
"levels which can be displayed by a digital display. If the display range is "
"too small, then abrupt changes in colors (false contours, or banding) may "
"appear where the color intensity changes from one level to another. This is "
"especially noticeable in Indexed images, which have 256 or fewer discrete "
"colors."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1979(para)
msgid ""
"One way to reduce quantization effects is to use <link linkend=\"glossary-"
"dithering\">Dithering</link>. The operations in <acronym>GIMP</acronym> "
"which perform dithering are the <link linkend=\"gimp-tool-gradient"
"\">Gradient tool</link> (if you have enabled the dithering option) and the "
"<link linkend=\"gimp-image-convert-indexed\">Convert to Indexed</link> "
"command. However, they only work on RGB images and not on Indexed images."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1995(phrase)
msgid "Rendering Intent"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:1998(primary)
msgid "Color Management"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2001(para)
msgid ""
"Rendering intents are ways of dealing with colors that are out-of-<xref "
"linkend=\"glossary-gamut\"/> colors present in the source space that the "
"destination space is incapable of producing. There are four rendering "
"intents defined by the ICC:"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2009(term)
msgid "Perceptual"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2011(para)
msgid ""
"This rendering intent is typically used for photographic content. It scales "
"one gamut to fit into the other while maintaining the relative position of "
"colors."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2019(term)
msgid "Relative colorimetric"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2021(para)
msgid ""
"This rendering intent is typically used for spot colors. Colors that are not "
"out of gamut are left unchanged. Colors outside the gamut are converted to "
"colors with the same lightness, but different saturation, at the edge of the "
"gamut."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2032(para)
msgid ""
"This method is typically used for business graphics. The relative saturation "
"of colors is mostly maintained, but lightning is usually changed."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2040(term)
msgid "Absolute colorimetric"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2042(para)
msgid ""
"This rendering intent is most often used in proofing. It preserves the "
"native device white point of the source image."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2060(secondary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2065(phrase)
msgid "Additive color model"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2074(para)
msgid ""
"RGB is a <link linkend=\"glossary-colormodel\">color model</link> which has "
"components for Red, Green and Blue. These colors are emitted by screen "
"elements and not reflected as they are with paint. The resulting color is a "
"combination of the three primary RGB colors, with different degrees of "
"lightness. If you look closely at your television screen, whose pitch is "
"less than that of a computer screen, you can see the red, green and blue "
"elements lit with different intensities. The RGB color model is "
"<emphasis>additive</emphasis>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2085(para)
msgid ""
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> uses eight bits per channel for each primary color. "
"That means there are 256 intensities (Values) available, resulting in "
"256×256×256 = 16,777,216 colors."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2089(para)
msgid ""
"It is not obvious why a given combination of primary colors produces a "
"particular color. Why, for instance, does 229R+205G+229B give a shade of "
"pink? This depends upon the human eye and brain. There is no color in "
"nature, only a continuous spectrum of wavelengths of light. There are three "
"kinds of cones in the retina. The same wavelength of light acting upon the "
"three types of cones stimulates each of them differently, and the mind has "
"learned, after several million years of evolution, how to recognize a color "
"from these differences."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2099(para)
msgid ""
"It is easy to see that no light (0R+0G+0B) produces complete darkness, "
"black, and that full light (255R+255G+255B) produces white. Equal intensity "
"on all color channels produces a level of gray. That is why there can only "
"be 256 gray levels in <acronym>GIMP</acronym>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2105(para)
msgid ""
"Mixing two <emphasis>Primary colors</emphasis> in RGB mode gives a "
"<emphasis>Secondary color</emphasis>, that is, a color in the CMY model. "
"Thus combining Red and Green gives Yellow, Green and Blue give Cyan, Blue "
"and Red give Magenta. Don't confuse secondary colors with "
"<emphasis>Complementary colors</emphasis> which are directly opposite a "
"primary color in the chromatic circle:"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2116(title)
msgid "Colorcircle"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2123(para)
msgid ""
"Mixing a primary color with its complementary color gives gray (a neutral "
"color)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2130(para)
msgid ""
"It is important to know what happens when you are dealing with colors in "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym>. The most important rule to remember is that "
"decreasing the intensity of a primary color results in increasing the "
"intensity of the complementary color (and vice versa). This is because when "
"you decrease the value of a channel, for instance Green, you automatically "
"increase the relative importance of the other two, here Red and Blue. The "
"combination of these two channels gives the secondary color, Magenta, which "
"is the complementary color of Green."
msgstr ""

#. probably this is off-topic too...
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2161(para)
msgid ""
"The <link linkend=\"gimp-tool-color-picker\">Color Picker</link> tool lets "
"you find out the RGB values of a pixel and the <link linkend=\"glossary-html-"
"notation\">hextriplet</link> for the color."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2172(phrase)
msgid "Sample Merged"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2175(para)
msgid ""
"Sample Merged is an option you can set when you use the <link linkend=\"gimp-"
"tool-bucket-fill\">Bucket Fill</link> tool, the <link linkend=\"gimp-tool-"
"color-picker\">Color Picker</link> tool and various selection tools. It is "
"useful when you are working on an image with several layers and the active "
"layer is either semi-transparent or has a <link linkend=\"gimp-concepts-"
"layer-modes\">Layer Mode</link> which is not set to Normal. When you check "
"the Sample Merged option, the color which is used for the operation is the "
"composite color of all the visible layers. When the Sample Merged option is "
"not checked, the color used is the color of the active layer itself."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2188(para)
msgid ""
"See also the <link linkend=\"gimp-tool-clone\">Clone Tool</link> for using "
"Sample Merged in non-destructive image editing."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2207(para)
msgid ""
"This term refers to color purity. Imagine you add pigment to white paint. "
"Saturation varies from 0 (white, fully toned down, fully diluted) to 100 "
"(pure color)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2217(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2220(primary)
msgid "Scene-referred"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2223(para)
msgid ""
"When speaking of images captured by a camera, scene-referred means that the "
"intensities in the image RGB channels are proportional to the intensities in "
"the scene that was photographed."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2227(para)
msgid ""
"\"Scene-referred\" is not the same as <link linkend=\"glossary-high-dynamic-"
"range\">high dynamic range</link>, as the camera might have been aimed at a "
"low dynamic range scene such as a foggy early morning view. However, adding "
"a light source to the captured frame (eg the moon breaking through the "
"clouds or a street lamp) will turn even a foggy morning into a high dynamic "
"range scene."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2234(para)
msgid ""
"As lightwaves do combine linearly, by definition a scene-referred image "
"(whether real or imaginary) must be encoded linearly to preserve the scene-"
"referred nature of the data."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2242(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2245(primary)
msgid "Supersampling"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2248(para)
msgid ""
"Supersampling is a more sophisticated antialiasing technique, that is, a "
"method of reducing jagged and stair-stepped edges along a slanted or curved "
"line. Samples are taken at several locations <emphasis>within</emphasis> "
"each pixel, not just at the center, and an average color is calculated. This "
"is done by rendering the image at a much higher resolution than the one "
"being displayed and then shrinking it to the desired size, using the extra "
"pixels for calculation. The result is a smoother transition from one line of "
"pixels to another along the edges of objects."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2259(para)
msgid ""
"The quality of the result depends on the number of samples. Supersampling is "
"often performed at a range of 2× to 16× the original size. It greatly "
"increases the amount of time needed to draw the image and also the amount of "
"space needed to store the image in memory."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2265(para)
msgid ""
"One way to reduce the space and time requirement is to use Adaptive "
"Supersampling. This method takes advantage of the fact that very few pixels "
"are actually on an object boundary, so only those pixels need to be "
"supersampled. At first, only a few samples are taken within a pixel. If the "
"colors are very similar to each other, only those samples are used to "
"calculate the final color. If not, more samples are used. This means that "
"the higher number of samples is calculated only where necessary, which "
"improves performance."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2280(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2283(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2287(secondary)
msgid "SVG"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2290(para)
msgid ""
"SVG stands for Scalable Vector Graphics. It is a format for two-dimensional "
"vector graphics, both static and animated. You can export GIMP paths to SVG "
"and you can import SVG documents into GIMP from a vector graphic software. "
"See <xref linkend=\"bibliography-online-wkpd-svg\"/> for more details."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2301(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2304(primary)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2311(secondary)
msgid "TGA"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2307(primary)
msgid "TARGA"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2314(para)
msgid ""
"TGA (TARGA Image File) is a <link linkend=\"glossary-fileformat\">file "
"format</link> which supports 8, 16, 24 or 32 bits per pixel and optional RLE "
"compression. It was originally developed by the Truevision company. "
"<quote>TGA</quote> stands for Truevision Graphics Adapter and <quote>TARGA</"
"quote> stands for Truevision Advanced Raster Graphics Adapter."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2328(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2331(primary)
msgid "TIFF"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2334(para)
msgid ""
"TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) is a <link linkend=\"glossary-fileformat"
"\">file format</link> which was developed primarily for scanned raster "
"graphics for color separation. Six different encoding routines are "
"supported, each with one of three different image modes: black and white, "
"grayscale and color. Uncompressed TIFF images may be 1, 4, 8 or 24 bits per "
"pixel. TIFF images compressed using the LZW algorithm may be 6, 8 or 24 bits "
"per pixel. Besides PostScript format, TIFF is one of the most important "
"formats for preliminary stages of printing. It is a high quality file "
"format, which is perfect for images you want to import to other programs "
"like FrameMaker or CorelDRAW."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2352(phrase)
msgid "Tile"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2355(para)
msgid ""
"A Tile is a part of an image which <acronym>GIMP</acronym> currently has "
"open. In order to avoid having to store an entire image in memory at the "
"same time, <acronym>GIMP</acronym> divides it into smaller pieces. A tile is "
"usually a square of 64 x 64 pixels, although tiles at the edges of an image "
"may be smaller than that."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2363(para)
msgid ""
"At any time, a tile may be in main memory, in the tile cache in RAM, or on "
"disk. Tiles which are currently being worked on are in main memory. Tiles "
"which have been used recently are in RAM. When the tile cache in RAM is "
"full, tiles which have been used least recently are written to disk. "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> can retrieve the tiles from RAM or disk when they "
"are needed."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2371(para)
msgid ""
"Do not confuse these tiles with those in the <link linkend=\"plug-in-tile"
"\">Tile Filter</link>"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2380(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2383(primary)
msgid "URI"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2386(para)
msgid ""
"A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a string of characters that serves to "
"identify an abstract or a physical resource. URIs are used for the "
"identification of resources in the Internet (such as web pages, "
"miscellaneous files, calling up web services, and for receivers of e-mail) "
"and they are especially used in the Worldwide Web."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2398(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2401(primary)
msgid "URL"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2404(para)
msgid ""
"URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) are one type of Uniform Resource "
"Identifiers (URIs). URLs identify a resource by its primary access mechanism "
"(commonly http or ftp) and the location of the resource in the computer "
"network. The name of the URI scheme is therefore generally derived from the "
"network protocol used for it. Examples of network protocols are http, ftp "
"and mailto."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2412(para)
msgid ""
"Since URLs are the first and most common kinds of URIs, the terms are often "
"used synonymously."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2431(para)
msgid ""
"This term often refers to the light intensity, the luminosity of a color. It "
"varies from 0 (black) to 100 (full light)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2451(primary)
msgid ".xcf.gz"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2458(para)
msgid ""
"XCF is a <link linkend=\"glossary-fileformat\">file format</link> which is "
"special because it is <acronym>GIMP</acronym>'s native file format: that is, "
"it was designed specifically to store all of the data that goes to make up a "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> image. Because of this, XCF files may be quite "
"complicated, and there are few programs other than <acronym>GIMP</acronym> "
"that can read them."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2466(para)
msgid ""
"When an image is stored as an XCF file, the file encodes nearly everything "
"there is to know about the image: the pixel data for each of the layers, the "
"current selection, additional channels if there are any, paths if there are "
"any, and guides. The most important thing that is <emphasis>not</emphasis> "
"saved in an XCF file is the undo history."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2473(para)
msgid ""
"The pixel data in an XCF file is represented in a lossless compressed form: "
"the image byte blocks are compressed using the lossless RLE algorithm. This "
"means that no matter how many times you load and save an image using this "
"format, not a single pixel or other image data is lost or modified because "
"of this format. XCF files can become very large, however <acronym>GIMP</"
"acronym> allows you to compress the files themselves, using either the gzip "
"or bzip2 compression methods, both of which are fast, efficient, and freely "
"available. Compressing an XCF file will often shrink it by a factor of 10 or "
"more."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2485(para)
msgid ""
"The <acronym>GIMP</acronym> developers have made a great effort to keep the "
"XCF file format compatible across versions. If you create a file using "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> 2.0, it ought to be possible to open the file in "
"<acronym>GIMP</acronym> 1.2. However, some of the information in the file "
"may not be usable: for example, <acronym>GIMP</acronym> 2.0 has a much more "
"sophisticated way of handling text than <acronym>GIMP</acronym> 1.2, so a "
"text layer from a <acronym>GIMP</acronym> 2.0 XCF file will appear as an "
"ordinary image layer if the file is opened in <acronym>GIMP</acronym> 1.2."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2497(para)
msgid ""
"Documentation about XCF format can be found at <ulink url=\"https://"
"developer.gimp.org/core/standards/xcf/\"/>."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2507(phrase)
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2512(primary)
msgid "XMP"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2515(para)
msgid ""
"XMP is an acronym for Extensible Metadata Platform. It is a metadata format "
"based on XML used in PDF and photographs. Report to <xref linkend="
"\"bibliography-online-wkpd-xmp\"/> for detailed explanations."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2531(para)
msgid ""
"YCbCr is a <link linkend=\"glossary-colormodel\">color model</link> which "
"was developed for the PAL television standard as a simple modification to "
"the YUV color model. In the meantime, it has become the CCIR-601 standard "
"for image and video recording. For example, it is used for JPEG pictures and "
"MPEG videos, and therefore also on DVDs, video CDs and for most other "
"widespread digital video standards. Note that a color model is still not a "
"color space, since it doesn't determine which colors are actually meant by "
"<quote>red</quote>, <quote>green</quote> and <quote>blue</quote>. For a "
"color space, there must still be a reference to a specific absolute color "
"value."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2544(para)
msgid ""
"There are color models which do not express a color by the additive basic "
"colors, red, green and blue (RGB), but by other properties, for example, the "
"brightness-color model. Here, the criteria are the basic brightness of the "
"colors (from black, through gray, to white), the colors with the largest "
"portion (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, or other pure colors that "
"lie between them) and the saturation of the colors (<quote>gaudy</quote> to "
"pale). This color model is based on the ability of the eye to recognize "
"small differences in luminosity better than small color differences, and to "
"recognize those better than small differences in saturation. That makes gray "
"text written on a black background easy to read, but blue text on a red "
"background very hard to read, even with the same basic brightness. Such "
"color models are called brightness-color models."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2560(para)
msgid ""
"The YCbCr model is a slight adaptation of such a brightness-color model. An "
"RGB color value is divided into a basic brightness, Y, and two components, "
"Cb and Cr, where Cb is a measurement of the deviation from gray in the blue "
"direction, or if it is less than 0.5, in the direction of yellow. Cr is the "
"corresponding measurement for the difference in the direction of red or "
"turquoise. This representation uses the peculiarity of the eye of being "
"especially sensitive to green light. That is why most of the information "
"about the proportion of green is in the basic brightness, Y, and only the "
"deviations for the red and blue portions need to be represented. The Y "
"values have twice the resolution of the other two values, Cb and Cr, in most "
"practical applications, such as on DVDs."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2585(para)
msgid ""
"YUV is a <link linkend=\"glossary-colormodel\">color model</link> which uses "
"two components to represent the color information, luma (the strength of the "
"light per area) and the chrominance, or proportion of color (chroma), where "
"the chrominance again consists of two components. The development of the YUV "
"color model also goes back to the development of color television (PAL), "
"where ways were sought for transmitting the color information along with the "
"black-and-white signal, in order to achieve backwards compatibility with old "
"black and white televisions without having to increase the available "
"transmission bandwidth. From the YUV color model of the analog television "
"techniques, the YCrCb color model was developed, which is used for most "
"kinds of digital image and video compression. Erroneously, the YUV color "
"model is also often spoken about in those fields, although the YCbCr model "
"is actually used. This often causes confusion."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2602(para)
msgid ""
"For the calculation of the luma signals, the underlying RGB data is first "
"adjusted with the <link linkend=\"glossary-gamma\">gamma</link> value of the "
"output device, and an R'G'B' signal is obtained. The three individual "
"components are added together with different weights, to form the brightness "
"information, which also functions as the VBS signal (Video Baseband Signal, "
"the black-and-white signal) for the old black and white televisions."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2611(para)
msgid "Y=R+G+B"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2612(para)
msgid ""
"The exact calculation is more complicated, however, since some aspects of "
"the color perception of the human eye have to be taken into account. For "
"example, green is perceived to be lighter than red, and this is perceived to "
"be lighter than blue. Furthermore, in some systems gamma correction of the "
"basic color is first performed."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2619(para)
msgid ""
"The chrominance signals, and the color difference signals also, contain the "
"color information. They are formed by the difference of blue minus luma or "
"red minus luma."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2624(para)
msgid "U=B-Y"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2625(para)
msgid "V=R-Y"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2626(para)
msgid ""
"From the three generated components, Y, U and V, the individual color "
"proportions of the basic color can be calculated again later:"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2630(para)
msgid "Y + U = Y + ( B - Y ) = Y - Y + B = B"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2631(para)
msgid "Y + V = Y + ( R - Y ) = Y - Y + R = R"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2632(para)
msgid "Y - B - R = ( R + G + B ) - B - R = G"
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:2633(para)
msgid ""
"Furthermore, because of the structure of the retina of the human eye, it "
"turns out that the brightness information is perceived at a higher "
"resolution than the color, so that many formats based on the YUV color model "
"compress the chrominance to save bandwidth during transmission."
msgstr ""

#. Put one translator per line, in the form of NAME <EMAIL>, YEAR1, YEAR2
#: src/glossary/glossary.xml:0(None)
msgid "translator-credits"
msgstr ""
