Template::Plugin::Filter(3)

NAME
Template::Plugin::Filter - Base class for plugin filters

SYNOPSIS
    package MyOrg::Template::Plugin::MyFilter;

    use Template::Plugin::Filter;
    use base qw( Template::Plugin::Filter );

    sub filter {
        my ($self, $text) = @_;

        # ...mungify $text...

        return $text;
    }

    # now load it...
    [% USE MyFilter %]

    # ...and use the returned object as a filter
    [% FILTER $MyFilter %]
      ...
    [% END %]

DESCRIPTION
This module implements a base class for plugin filters. It hides the underlying complexity involved in creating and using filters that get defined and made available by loading a plugin.

To use the module, simply create your own plugin module that is inherited from the "Template::Plugin::Filter" class.

    package MyOrg::Template::Plugin::MyFilter;

    use Template::Plugin::Filter;
    use base qw( Template::Plugin::Filter );

Then simply define your filter() method. When called, you get passed a reference to your plugin object ($self) and the text to be filtered.

    sub filter {
        my ($self, $text) = @_;

        # ...mungify $text...

        return $text;
    }

To use your custom plugin, you have to make sure that the Template Toolkit knows about your plugin namespace.

    my $tt2 = Template->new({
        PLUGIN_BASE => 'MyOrg::Template::Plugin',
    });

Or for individual plugins you can do it like this:

    my $tt2 = Template->new({
        PLUGINS => {
            MyFilter => 'MyOrg::Template::Plugin::MyFilter',
        },
    });

Then you "USE" your plugin in the normal way.

    [% USE MyFilter %]

The object returned is stored in the variable of the same name, '"MyFilter"'. When you come to use it as a "FILTER", you should add a dollar prefix. This indicates that you want to use the filter stored in the variable '"MyFilter"' rather than the filter named '"MyFilter"', which is an entirely different thing (see later for information on defining filters by name).

    [% FILTER $MyFilter %]
       ...text to be filtered...
    [% END %]

You can, of course, assign it to a different variable.

    [% USE blat = MyFilter %]

    [% FILTER $blat %]
       ...text to be filtered...
    [% END %]

Any configuration parameters passed to the plugin constructor from the "USE" directive are stored internally in the object for inspection by the filter() method (or indeed any other method). Positional arguments are stored as a reference to a list in the "_ARGS" item while named configuration parameters are stored as a reference to a hash array in the "_CONFIG" item.

For example, loading a plugin as shown here:

    [% USE blat = MyFilter 'foo' 'bar' baz = 'blam' %]

would allow the filter() method to do something like this:

    sub filter {
        my ($self, $text) = @_;

        my $args = $self->{ _ARGS   };  # [ 'foo', 'bar' ]
        my $conf = $self->{ _CONFIG };  # { baz => 'blam' }

        # ...munge $text...

        return $text;
    }

By default, plugins derived from this module will create static filters. A static filter is created once when the plugin gets loaded via the "USE" directive and re-used for all subsequent "FILTER" operations. That means that any argument specified with the "FILTER" directive are ignored.

Dynamic filters, on the other hand, are re-created each time they are used by a "FILTER" directive. This allows them to act on any parameters passed from the "FILTER" directive and modify their behaviour accordingly.

There are two ways to create a dynamic filter. The first is to define a $DYNAMIC class variable set to a true value.

    package MyOrg::Template::Plugin::MyFilter;
    use base 'Template::Plugin::Filter';
    our $DYNAMIC = 1;

The other way is to set the internal "_DYNAMIC" value within the init() method which gets called by the new() constructor.

    sub init {
        my $self = shift;
        $self->{ _DYNAMIC } = 1;
        return $self;
    }

When this is set to a true value, the plugin will automatically create a dynamic filter. The outcome is that the filter() method will now also get passed a reference to an array of positional arguments and a reference to a hash array of named parameters.

So, using a plugin filter like this:

    [% FILTER $blat 'foo' 'bar' baz = 'blam' %]

would allow the filter() method to work like this:

    sub filter {
        my ($self, $text, $args, $conf) = @_;

        # $args = [ 'foo', 'bar' ]
        # $conf = { baz => 'blam' }
    }

In this case can pass parameters to both the USE and FILTER directives, so your filter() method should probably take that into account.

    [% USE MyFilter 'foo' wiz => 'waz' %]

    [% FILTER $MyFilter 'bar' biz => 'baz' %]
       ...
    [% END %]

You can use the merge_args() and merge_config() methods to do a quick and easy job of merging the local (e.g. "FILTER") parameters with the internal (e.g. "USE") values and returning new sets of conglomerated data.

    sub filter {
        my ($self, $text, $args, $conf) = @_;

        $args = $self->merge_args($args);
        $conf = $self->merge_config($conf);

        # $args = [ 'foo', 'bar' ]
        # $conf = { wiz => 'waz', biz => 'baz' }
        ...
    }

You can also have your plugin install itself as a named filter by calling the install_filter() method from the init() method. You should provide a name for the filter, something that you might like to make a configuration option.

    sub init {
        my $self = shift;
        my $name = $self->{ _CONFIG }->{ name } || 'myfilter';
        $self->install_filter($name);
        return $self;
    }

This allows the plugin filter to be used as follows:

    [% USE MyFilter %]

    [% FILTER myfilter %]
       ...
    [% END %]

or

    [% USE MyFilter name = 'swipe' %]

    [% FILTER swipe %]
       ...
    [% END %]

Alternately, you can allow a filter name to be specified as the first positional argument.

    sub init {
        my $self = shift;
        my $name = $self->{ _ARGS }->[0] || 'myfilter';
        $self->install_filter($name);
        return $self;
    }

    [% USE MyFilter 'swipe' %]

    [% FILTER swipe %]
       ...
    [% END %]

EXAMPLE
Here's a complete example of a plugin filter module.

    package My::Template::Plugin::Change;
    use Template::Plugin::Filter;
    use base qw( Template::Plugin::Filter );

    sub init {
        my $self = shift;

        $self->{ _DYNAMIC } = 1;

        # first arg can specify filter name
        $self->install_filter($self->{ _ARGS }->[0] || 'change');

        return $self;
    }

    sub filter {
        my ($self, $text, $args, $config) = @_;

        $config = $self->merge_config($config);
        my $regex = join('|', keys %$config);

        $text =~ s/($regex)/$config->{ $1 }/ge;

        return $text;
    }

    1;

AUTHOR
Andy Wardley <abw@wardley.org> <http://wardley.org/>

COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 1996-2022 Andy Wardley. All Rights Reserved.

This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

SEE ALSO
Template::Plugin, Template::Filters, Template::Manual::Filters